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文章目录
  1. 1. 简单介绍
  2. 2. 实例

简单介绍

本篇介绍Android网络之Socket通信的UDP方式的使用

实例

此实例用电脑作服务器，手机作客户端实现。
服务端源码

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package com.carlos.udp;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class Server {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		int port=3168;
		byte[] message=new byte[1024];
		//实例化一个DatagramPacket类
		DatagramSocket socket=null;
		try {
			socket=new DatagramSocket(port);
			System.out.println("服务端开启"+port+"端口");
			//新建一个DatagramSocket类
			DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(message, message.length);
			while(true){
				socket.receive(packet);
				
				DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream
						(packet.getData(),packet.getOffset(),packet.getLength()));
				String result=dis.readUTF();
				
				System.out.println("客户端ip为:"+packet.getAddress()+"  端口为:"
				+packet.getPort()+"  发送的消息为:"+result);
				
			}
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			//如果socket对象不为空，则关闭socket对象
			if (socket!=null) {
				socket.close();
			}
		}
	}
}

客户端源码

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package com.carlos.udpclient;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private TextView ipAddress;
	private TextView port;
	private TextView message;
	private Button send;
	private TextView receive;
	private String result;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		ipAddress = getViewById(R.id.ipAddress);
		port = getViewById(R.id.port);
		message = getViewById(R.id.message);
		send = getViewById(R.id.send);
		receive = getViewById(R.id.receive);

		send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				Task task = new Task();
				task.execute();
			}
		});

	}

	void connnect() {
		String IP = ipAddress.getText().toString();
		int TCP_SERVER_PORT = Integer.valueOf(port.getText().toString());
		result = message.getText().toString();
		DatagramSocket socket;
		try {
			socket = new DatagramSocket();

			ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
			DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(baos);
			dos.writeUTF(result);
			dos.close();

			byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();

			InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(IP);
			DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,
					address, TCP_SERVER_PORT);
			socket.send(packet);
			socket.close();
		} catch (SocketException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	class Task extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {

		ProgressDialog dialog;

		@Override
		protected void onPreExecute() {
			dialog = ProgressDialog.show(MainActivity.this, "", "发送数据中，请稍后...",
					true, true);
		}

		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(Void... arg0) {
			connnect();
			return result;
		}

		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			dialog.dismiss();
			receive.append(result + "\n");
		}

	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	<T extends View> T getViewById(int id) {
		try {
			return (T) findViewById(id);
		} catch (ClassCastException e) {
			Log.e("MainActivity", "Could not cast View to create class.", e);
			throw e;
		}
	}
}

XML布局

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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
            android:text="服务器ip地址" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/ipAddress"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:background="@android:drawable/edit_text" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
            android:text="服务器开启的端口号" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/port"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@android:drawable/edit_text" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
            android:text="想要发送的信息" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/message"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:maxLength="100"
            android:background="@android:drawable/edit_text" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送信息" />

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >
        
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/receive"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:text="接收到服务器返回的信息：\n" />
    </ScrollView>

</LinearLayout>

服务端控制台输出的信息

客户端显示的信息

文章目录
  1. 1. 简单介绍
  2. 2. 实例